Internet companies and cloud service providers (CSPs) are upgrading their data center network infrastructure from 100G to 400G to meet higher bandwidth demands and lower latency requirements.

Mainly used for core switching within data centers and Data Center Interconnect (DCI).

Cloud Computing and AI Clusters

AI and machine learning training require high-speed interconnects, especially for GPU server-to-server communication, such as NVIDIA DGX and Google TPU clusters.

The demand for high bandwidth and low latency in AI-driven data processing is driving the widespread adoption of 400G optical modules.

5G Transport Networks

400G optical modules are utilized in 5G front-haul and back-haul networks to support high-density data transmission and low-latency requirements, particularly in core and metro networks.

High-Performance Computing (HPC)

Scientific research, financial modeling, and genomic computing demand high-throughput, low-latency environments, promoting the adoption of 400G optical modules in supercomputing centers.

Enterprise Data Centers and Cloud Switching

Enterprise data centers are upgrading their network architectures to support the growing demands of cloud storage, remote work, and big data analytics.

End Customers

Cloud Computing and Internet Companies

AWS (Amazon Web Services)

Microsoft Azure

Google Cloud

Meta (Facebook)

Tencent Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, Huawei Cloud, Baidu Cloud

Telecom Operators

AT&T, Verizon, Orange, BT

China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom

NTT Docomo, KDDI, SoftBank (Japan)

SK Telecom, KT (South Korea), and others

AI Computing Companies

NVIDIA (for GPU cluster interconnects)

Google (TPU clusters)

OpenAI, Meta AI, and other AI research institutions

Financial and Research Institutions

Wall Street investment banks and major financial firms (e.g., Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley)

Life sciences and genomic research organizations (e.g., Harvard, MIT, BGI Genomics)

Supercomputing centers (e.g., China’s Tianhe, Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the U.S.)

Networking Equipment Manufacturers

Cisco, Arista, Juniper Networks

Huawei, ZTE, Nokia, and other telecom equipment providers

The application of 400G optical modules is mainly concentrated in high-speed, low-latency, and high-throughput scenarios. As the industry moves toward 800G and 1.6T solutions, 400G adoption is expected to continue growing.